The conversion factor from minutes to hours is 0.66667, which means that 1 minute is equal to 0.66667 hours: 1 min = 0.66667 hr. To convert 400 minutes into hours we have to multiply 400 by the conversion factor in order to get the time amount from minutes to hours. This conversion of 4,000 hours to minutes has been calculated by multiplying 4,000 hours by 60 and the result is 240,000 minutes. 4,000 hours in other units 4,000 hours in days 4,000 hours in months. There are packages from 1000-4000 Hours Watch Time can be easier to choose suit package with your channel. Excellent support 24/7, solve all of the concerns about your channel. Advisory good strategies to grow your channel faster. Hours of Viewing Time & Subscribers Guaranteed LIFETIME FOR GENUINE. A cool little 4 Hour Timer! Simple to use, no settings, just click start for a countdown timer of 4 Hours. Try the Fullscreen button in classrooms and meetings:-). 4000 minutes = 240,000 seconds 66 and 2/3 hours 2 and 7/9 days 0.39683 week (rounded) 0.19841 fortnight (rounded) 0.00760535 year (rounded).
YouTube recently made a major change to their platform, in an attempt to make it a better site for advertisers. Unfortunately, their change also means that tens or hundreds of thousands of small creators, small businesses, and other newcomers to the platform have no ability to monetize their channels.
The change to monetization is an increase in the requirements to become a YouTube partner and gain access to Partner features, mostly monetization itself. The new requirements to monetize a channel are: a minimum of 1,000 subscribers and a minimum of 4,000 hours of video watch time in a rolling 12-month period.
We already covered half of the equation a few weeks ago; how to reach that all-important 1,000-subscriber milestone. Now let's take a look at the other half; how to reach and maintain 4,000 hours of watch time on your videos.
First Some Math
First, let's take a look at some math. 4,000 hours may seem like a lot of time, and it is, but for a site like YouTube, it actually isn't. 4,000 hours of watch time is 240,000 minutes. Divided up by month, and that means you have to maintain 20,000 minutes of watch time per month on average. This can be done with one mediocre video that goes viral, or many less interesting videos that achieve a normal to moderate viewership.
20,000 minutes still seems like a lot, but if you post a two minute video, that's 10,000 views on that video per month. For those of us with YouTube channels with videos averaging 100 views total, that's a lot, but bear with me. Obviously, you don't need to get all of that with one single video.
A five-minute video, watched all the way through by each viewer, would need 4,000 views. However, two five-minute videos would only need 2,000 views each. See where I'm going with this?
If your videos average 100 views each, but if each of those 100 views watches the full five-minute video, that's 500 minutes per video. You need to post eight videos per month at that level – two per week – to reach your goals.
Of course there's a lot more to it. A lot of people don't watch videos all the way through. You might actually need 200 views per video to achieve the same sort of numbers, or more. But then, a few videos performing a bit above average can balance that out.
You also can consider the fact that older videos may still get views and watch time. Every video you post adds to your rolling total, and while older videos can drop off over time, they're never entirely useless.
If the number crunching doesn't make you feel any better, though, don't fret; all you really need to do is implement a variety of techniques to increase watch time on individual videos and views on videos overall. It might take some time, but you can build up to that point in a way that has a hard time of decreasing below it again.
Get More Subscribers
I'm putting this one right up at the top for two reasons; it's very important, and it's not very important.
What do I mean by this? Well, your subscriber count is pretty darn important, particularly if you're under the 1,000 subscriber mark. You want to reach that benchmark, so you want to get more subscribers.
On the other hand, when you're using YouTube, how many of the videos you watch are from people you subscribe to? I know in my personal experience, I tend to watch a lot of content from someone before I decide they're worth a sub. I'll be more liberal with them moving forward, to help out smaller creators I like, but for the major ones with hundreds of thousands or millions of subscribers? It doesn't help me much to sub to them. YouTube's recommendation engine will show me their content regardless
Getting more subscribers should be a goal, but it's not going to solve your problems all on its own. You need to put a lot of work into your videos themselves, which is what most of the rest of the tips are about.
Post More Videos
I covered this a lot in the math section up above, but it bears repeating: the more videos you post, the less views each one needs to reach your goal. If you had 240,000 videos on your channel, each one would only need one minute of view time per year to reach your goal. That's an extreme example, but it's technically true.
The most important part, actually, is consistency. In the same way that Google wants you to post at least once per week on your blog to keep it timely and fresh for organic search, YouTube wants you to post videos frequently to keep your channel active and fresh for search.
Organize Videos into Playlists
Playlists have one major benefit for creators; autoplay. When you click to watch a video as part of a playlist, when that video ends, a few seconds will pass and YouTube will automatically load into the next video in the list. As long as your viewers don't turn this off, they can end up watching three, four, five videos or more in a row before they get bored and go do something else. In some cases the might leave in the middle of a video that's playing – or right as one ends – and not stop it, letting it play videos to an empty room. That watch time still counts! At least for a while.
Playlists also help you build individual streams of content and keep an organized channel, both of which help your videos be found by people interested in the content. Playlists can also show up in search as well as individual videos, for added exposure.
Experiment with Video Length
A lot of advice will tell you to create longer videos, but there are diminishing returns. Two minute videos might get a lot of views watching all the way through, but leave the viewer wanting a deeper look they have to go elsewhere to get. Ten minute videos might drive away people who are watching via a mobile device or who aren't hooked into the content right away. Hour-long videos will have a huge dropoff of people in the early minutes, but those who stick around can be worth a lot of watch time.
Don't rely on any advice from some YouTube SEO guy or blog writer; experiment yourself. Your audience, your content style, your depth of coverage, they all matter. Figure out what the ideal length is for your specific situation, and lean heavily into that.
Use Compelling Meta Data
YouTube meta data is composed of several things. You have your video title and your description, just like you would on a blog post. You also have your keywords, like the old meta keywords section for SEO, except they're important and work. You also have your custom thumbnail, which should be enough to hook someone in conjunction with the title before they're even on the page. Don't forget to follow YouTube's rules for meta data while you're at it; you don't want a video to be delisted or demonetized once you've done all the work to get it there.
Embed Videos Frequently
Embedded videos don't benefit from descriptions, YouTube search, playlist functionality, or the ability to engage with the video unless you click through. They can also sometimes be limited in that they can't be watched in full screen, though this can be changed.
However, every minute of watch time that comes from an embedded video still counts. Embedding videos into your blog posts, linking to them on Facebook and Twitter, and generally making use of your content off-site can be very useful towards boosting your watch time.
Start With a Great Hook
People who watch YouTube videos aren't there for a lengthy intro you bought on Fiverr, they want to see your content. This is why a lot of popular YouTubers either start with a sub-five-second intro, or just have a catchphrase they say, or drop a 10-second hook before moving into the intro like a TV program would. You only have a few seconds, no more than 30 in general, to hook your viewer. It's the make or break moment for them to determine whether or not they're going to keep watching.
Create Unique and Interesting Content
Make sure your content isn't duplicated or too superficial to be worthwhile. If ten different people all cover the same topic, the one who covers it in the most interesting, highest quality, or most amusing way is going to get all of the traffic. A lot of times this is going to be someone already established, and competition is fierce, but you still need to try.
Dig deep, cover odd perspectives, explain detailed concepts simply, or set up some kind of gimmick that gets you a unique angle on everything you do. Good Mythical Morning is a good example of this; they cover typical news like a morning show on TV, but they have that unique format going for them.
Minutes To Hours
Create a Mix of Trending and Evergreen Content
Trending content is great because it can get you a big spike of views, and that watch time is relevant for a full year before it drops off. A few good spikes like that and you can have your annual 4,000 hours covered before you know it. On the other hand, trending or viral content drops off quickly.
Evergreen content, meanwhile, might not have the potential to surge and cover your requirements right away, but it does keep lending you value month after month. A video that gets 1,000 views in the first week and 10 per week afterwards can be helpful, but one that gives you a steady 200 per week for a year is going to do more work over time.
Use Video End Cards
Video end cards are being limited with the monetization changes; you can still link to other videos on your channel, but you can't link to off-site pages anymore. Still, end cards are like the poor man's playlist; they lead the user to other videos or other options to watch, which can keep them circulating through your content for longer.
Just keep in mind that posting a five-minute video with a 30-second end card means a 'complete' view of the video is only 4:30 instead, so make sure to calculate potential watch time appropriately for people who skip out early.
Study Videos and Replicate the Best Content
Once you have a few dozen videos up and can get some decent analytics information, you can start to figure out which videos are doing well and which are not. The ideal is to figure out what elements of which videos are attracting people, figure out why they're worthwhile, and replicate that value in future videos.
All of those top-level creators with their slick formats? They didn't get that way by chance, they've been steadily refining that format for months or years. You can do it too.
Just keep in mind that once one video is successful enough to be picked up by the YouTube algorithm, its relative value is gone. That video will perform so much better than the comparison becomes worthless.
Collaborate with Other Creators
If you can find creators who are willing to collaborate with you, do so. I've seen music teachers use their videos to critique submissions from fans, I've seen channels work together to do projects that suit both their audiences, and so on.
Collaborate to share each other with your respective audiences, and hopefully you can keep some of them around.
Buy Good Views and Avoid Bad Views
Alright, let's address the elephant in the room; buying video views. You can get a lot of views this way, but they won't always be worthwhile views. A lot of view sellers focus on exactly that; views, not watch time. Each view will only last 30-60 seconds and be aimed at increasing the view count, which isn't worthwhile for your channel.
If you're going to purchase watch time, make sure you're actually getting watch time, and that the watch time actually lasts. YouTube will filter out fraudulent views and drop them, decreasing your watch time by however long the view was, and can even penalize your channel if they think you're buying bad views.
Sunshine duration or sunshine hours is a climatological indicator, measuring duration of sunshine in given period (usually, a day or a year) for a given location on Earth, typically expressed as an averaged value over several years. It is a general indicator of cloudiness of a location, and thus differs from insolation, which measures the total energy delivered by sunlight over a given period.
Sunshine duration is usually expressed in hours per year, or in (average) hours per day. The first measure indicates the general sunniness of a location compared with other places, while the latter allows for comparison of sunshine in various seasons in the same location.[1] Another often-used measure is percentage ratio of recorded bright sunshine duration and daylight duration in the observed period.
An important use of sunshine duration data is to characterize the climate of sites, especially of health resorts. This also takes into account the psychological effect of strong solar light on human well-being. It is often used to promote tourist destinations.[1]
Daytime duration[edit]
If the Sun were to be above the horizon 50% of the time for a standard year consisting of 8,760 hours, apparent maximal daytime duration would be 4,380 hours for any point on Earth. However, there are physical and astronomical effects that change that picture. Namely, atmospheric refraction allows the Sun to be still visible even when it physically sets below the horizon. For that reason, average daytime (disregarding cloud effects) is longest in polar areas, where the apparent Sun spends the most time around the horizon. Places on the Arctic Circle have the longest total annual daytime, 4,647 hours, while the North Pole receives 4,575. Because of elliptic nature of the Earth's orbit, the Southern Hemisphere is not symmetrical: the Antarctic Circle, with 4,530 hours of daylight, receives five days less of sunshine than its antipodes. The Equator has a total daytime of 4,422 hours per year.[2]
Definition and measurement[edit]
Given the theoretical maximum of daytime duration for a given location, there is also a practical consideration at which point the amount of daylight is sufficient to be treated as a 'sunshine hour'. 'Bright' sunshine hours represent the total hours when the sunlight is stronger than a specified threshold, as opposed to just 'visible' hours. 'Visible' sunshine, for example, occurs around sunrise and sunset, but is not strong enough to excite the sensor. Measurement is performed by instruments called sunshine recorders. For the specific purpose of sunshine duration recording, Campbell–Stokes recorders are used, which use a spherical glass lens to focus the sun rays on a specially designed tape. When the intensity exceeds a pre-determined threshold, the tape burns. The total length of the burn trace is proportional to the number of bright hours.[3] Another type of recorder is the Jordan sunshine recorder. Newer, electronic recorders have more stable sensitivity than that of the paper tape.
In order to harmonize the data measured worldwide, in 1962 the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) defined a standardized design of the Campbell–Stokes recorder, called an Interim Reference Sunshine Recorder (IRSR).[1] In 2003, the sunshine duration was finally defined as the period during which direct solar irradiance exceeds a threshold value of 120 W/m2.[1]
Geographic distribution[edit]
Convert Minutes To Hours
Annual sunshine hours map of the world. Note that the data for Antarctica is accurate only for the coast. Parts of the interior receive more than 3600 hours of annual sunshine.[4] < 1200 h 1600–2000 h | 2400–3000 h 3600–4000 h |
Sunshine duration follows a general geographic pattern: subtropical latitudes (about 25° to 40° north/south) have the highest sunshine values, because these are the locations of the eastern sides of the subtropical high pressure systems, associated with the large-scale descent of air from the upper-level tropopause. Many of the world's driest climates are found adjacent to the eastern sides of the subtropical highs, which create stable atmospheric conditions, little convective overturning, and little moisture and cloud cover. Desert regions, with nearly constant high pressure aloft and rare condensation—like North Africa, the Southwestern United States, Western Australia, and the Middle East—are examples of hot, sunny, dry climates where sunshine duration values are very high.
The two major areas with the highest sunshine duration, measured as annual average, are the central and the eastern Sahara Desert—covering vast, mainly desert countries such as Egypt, Sudan, Libya, Chad, and Niger—and the Southwestern United States (Arizona, California, Nevada).[5] The city claiming the official title of the sunniest in the world is Yuma, Arizona, with over 4,000 hours (about 91% of daylight time) of bright sunshine annually,[5][6] but many climatological books suggest there may be sunnier areas in North Africa.[citation needed] In the belt encompassing northern Chad and the Tibesti Mountains, northern Sudan, southern Libya, and Upper Egypt, annual sunshine duration is estimated at over 4,000 hours. There is also a smaller, isolated area of sunshine maximum in the heart of the western section of the Sahara Desert around the Eglab Massif and the Erg Chech, along the borders of Algeria, Mauritania, and Mali where the 4,000-hour mark is exceeded, too.[7] Some places in the interior of the Arabian Peninsula receive 3,600–3,800 hours of bright sunshine annually. The largest sun-baked region in the world (over 3,000 hours of yearly sunshine) is North Africa. The sunniest month in the world is December in Eastern Antarctica, with almost 23 hours of bright sun daily.[8]
Conversely, higher latitudes (above 50° north/south) lying in stormy westerlies have much cloudier and more unstable and rainy weather, and often have the lowest values of sunshine duration annually. Temperate oceanic climates like those in northwestern Europe, the northwestern coast of Canada, and areas of New Zealand's South Island are examples of cool, cloudy, wet, humid climates where cloudless sunshine duration values are very low. The areas with the lowest sunshine duration annually lie mostly over the polar oceans, as well as parts of northern Europe, southern Alaska, northern Russia, and areas near the Sea of Okhotsk. The cloudiest place in the United States is Cold Bay, Alaska, with an average of 304 days of heavy overcast (covering over 3/4 of the sky).[9] In addition to these polar oceanic climates, certain low-latitude basins enclosed by mountains, like the Sichuan and Taipei Basins, can have sunshine duration as low as 1,000 hours per year, as cool air consistently sinks to form fogs that winds cannot dissipate.[10]Tórshavn in the Faroe Islands is among the cloudiest places in the world with yearly only 840 sunshine hours.
On the other hand, when you're using YouTube, how many of the videos you watch are from people you subscribe to? I know in my personal experience, I tend to watch a lot of content from someone before I decide they're worth a sub. I'll be more liberal with them moving forward, to help out smaller creators I like, but for the major ones with hundreds of thousands or millions of subscribers? It doesn't help me much to sub to them. YouTube's recommendation engine will show me their content regardless
Getting more subscribers should be a goal, but it's not going to solve your problems all on its own. You need to put a lot of work into your videos themselves, which is what most of the rest of the tips are about.
Post More Videos
I covered this a lot in the math section up above, but it bears repeating: the more videos you post, the less views each one needs to reach your goal. If you had 240,000 videos on your channel, each one would only need one minute of view time per year to reach your goal. That's an extreme example, but it's technically true.
The most important part, actually, is consistency. In the same way that Google wants you to post at least once per week on your blog to keep it timely and fresh for organic search, YouTube wants you to post videos frequently to keep your channel active and fresh for search.
Organize Videos into Playlists
Playlists have one major benefit for creators; autoplay. When you click to watch a video as part of a playlist, when that video ends, a few seconds will pass and YouTube will automatically load into the next video in the list. As long as your viewers don't turn this off, they can end up watching three, four, five videos or more in a row before they get bored and go do something else. In some cases the might leave in the middle of a video that's playing – or right as one ends – and not stop it, letting it play videos to an empty room. That watch time still counts! At least for a while.
Playlists also help you build individual streams of content and keep an organized channel, both of which help your videos be found by people interested in the content. Playlists can also show up in search as well as individual videos, for added exposure.
Experiment with Video Length
A lot of advice will tell you to create longer videos, but there are diminishing returns. Two minute videos might get a lot of views watching all the way through, but leave the viewer wanting a deeper look they have to go elsewhere to get. Ten minute videos might drive away people who are watching via a mobile device or who aren't hooked into the content right away. Hour-long videos will have a huge dropoff of people in the early minutes, but those who stick around can be worth a lot of watch time.
Don't rely on any advice from some YouTube SEO guy or blog writer; experiment yourself. Your audience, your content style, your depth of coverage, they all matter. Figure out what the ideal length is for your specific situation, and lean heavily into that.
Use Compelling Meta Data
YouTube meta data is composed of several things. You have your video title and your description, just like you would on a blog post. You also have your keywords, like the old meta keywords section for SEO, except they're important and work. You also have your custom thumbnail, which should be enough to hook someone in conjunction with the title before they're even on the page. Don't forget to follow YouTube's rules for meta data while you're at it; you don't want a video to be delisted or demonetized once you've done all the work to get it there.
Embed Videos Frequently
Embedded videos don't benefit from descriptions, YouTube search, playlist functionality, or the ability to engage with the video unless you click through. They can also sometimes be limited in that they can't be watched in full screen, though this can be changed.
However, every minute of watch time that comes from an embedded video still counts. Embedding videos into your blog posts, linking to them on Facebook and Twitter, and generally making use of your content off-site can be very useful towards boosting your watch time.
Start With a Great Hook
People who watch YouTube videos aren't there for a lengthy intro you bought on Fiverr, they want to see your content. This is why a lot of popular YouTubers either start with a sub-five-second intro, or just have a catchphrase they say, or drop a 10-second hook before moving into the intro like a TV program would. You only have a few seconds, no more than 30 in general, to hook your viewer. It's the make or break moment for them to determine whether or not they're going to keep watching.
Create Unique and Interesting Content
Make sure your content isn't duplicated or too superficial to be worthwhile. If ten different people all cover the same topic, the one who covers it in the most interesting, highest quality, or most amusing way is going to get all of the traffic. A lot of times this is going to be someone already established, and competition is fierce, but you still need to try.
Dig deep, cover odd perspectives, explain detailed concepts simply, or set up some kind of gimmick that gets you a unique angle on everything you do. Good Mythical Morning is a good example of this; they cover typical news like a morning show on TV, but they have that unique format going for them.
Minutes To Hours
Create a Mix of Trending and Evergreen Content
Trending content is great because it can get you a big spike of views, and that watch time is relevant for a full year before it drops off. A few good spikes like that and you can have your annual 4,000 hours covered before you know it. On the other hand, trending or viral content drops off quickly.
Evergreen content, meanwhile, might not have the potential to surge and cover your requirements right away, but it does keep lending you value month after month. A video that gets 1,000 views in the first week and 10 per week afterwards can be helpful, but one that gives you a steady 200 per week for a year is going to do more work over time.
Use Video End Cards
Video end cards are being limited with the monetization changes; you can still link to other videos on your channel, but you can't link to off-site pages anymore. Still, end cards are like the poor man's playlist; they lead the user to other videos or other options to watch, which can keep them circulating through your content for longer.
Just keep in mind that posting a five-minute video with a 30-second end card means a 'complete' view of the video is only 4:30 instead, so make sure to calculate potential watch time appropriately for people who skip out early.
Study Videos and Replicate the Best Content
Once you have a few dozen videos up and can get some decent analytics information, you can start to figure out which videos are doing well and which are not. The ideal is to figure out what elements of which videos are attracting people, figure out why they're worthwhile, and replicate that value in future videos.
All of those top-level creators with their slick formats? They didn't get that way by chance, they've been steadily refining that format for months or years. You can do it too.
Just keep in mind that once one video is successful enough to be picked up by the YouTube algorithm, its relative value is gone. That video will perform so much better than the comparison becomes worthless.
Collaborate with Other Creators
If you can find creators who are willing to collaborate with you, do so. I've seen music teachers use their videos to critique submissions from fans, I've seen channels work together to do projects that suit both their audiences, and so on.
Collaborate to share each other with your respective audiences, and hopefully you can keep some of them around.
Buy Good Views and Avoid Bad Views
Alright, let's address the elephant in the room; buying video views. You can get a lot of views this way, but they won't always be worthwhile views. A lot of view sellers focus on exactly that; views, not watch time. Each view will only last 30-60 seconds and be aimed at increasing the view count, which isn't worthwhile for your channel.
If you're going to purchase watch time, make sure you're actually getting watch time, and that the watch time actually lasts. YouTube will filter out fraudulent views and drop them, decreasing your watch time by however long the view was, and can even penalize your channel if they think you're buying bad views.
Sunshine duration or sunshine hours is a climatological indicator, measuring duration of sunshine in given period (usually, a day or a year) for a given location on Earth, typically expressed as an averaged value over several years. It is a general indicator of cloudiness of a location, and thus differs from insolation, which measures the total energy delivered by sunlight over a given period.
Sunshine duration is usually expressed in hours per year, or in (average) hours per day. The first measure indicates the general sunniness of a location compared with other places, while the latter allows for comparison of sunshine in various seasons in the same location.[1] Another often-used measure is percentage ratio of recorded bright sunshine duration and daylight duration in the observed period.
An important use of sunshine duration data is to characterize the climate of sites, especially of health resorts. This also takes into account the psychological effect of strong solar light on human well-being. It is often used to promote tourist destinations.[1]
Daytime duration[edit]
If the Sun were to be above the horizon 50% of the time for a standard year consisting of 8,760 hours, apparent maximal daytime duration would be 4,380 hours for any point on Earth. However, there are physical and astronomical effects that change that picture. Namely, atmospheric refraction allows the Sun to be still visible even when it physically sets below the horizon. For that reason, average daytime (disregarding cloud effects) is longest in polar areas, where the apparent Sun spends the most time around the horizon. Places on the Arctic Circle have the longest total annual daytime, 4,647 hours, while the North Pole receives 4,575. Because of elliptic nature of the Earth's orbit, the Southern Hemisphere is not symmetrical: the Antarctic Circle, with 4,530 hours of daylight, receives five days less of sunshine than its antipodes. The Equator has a total daytime of 4,422 hours per year.[2]
Definition and measurement[edit]
Given the theoretical maximum of daytime duration for a given location, there is also a practical consideration at which point the amount of daylight is sufficient to be treated as a 'sunshine hour'. 'Bright' sunshine hours represent the total hours when the sunlight is stronger than a specified threshold, as opposed to just 'visible' hours. 'Visible' sunshine, for example, occurs around sunrise and sunset, but is not strong enough to excite the sensor. Measurement is performed by instruments called sunshine recorders. For the specific purpose of sunshine duration recording, Campbell–Stokes recorders are used, which use a spherical glass lens to focus the sun rays on a specially designed tape. When the intensity exceeds a pre-determined threshold, the tape burns. The total length of the burn trace is proportional to the number of bright hours.[3] Another type of recorder is the Jordan sunshine recorder. Newer, electronic recorders have more stable sensitivity than that of the paper tape.
In order to harmonize the data measured worldwide, in 1962 the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) defined a standardized design of the Campbell–Stokes recorder, called an Interim Reference Sunshine Recorder (IRSR).[1] In 2003, the sunshine duration was finally defined as the period during which direct solar irradiance exceeds a threshold value of 120 W/m2.[1]
Geographic distribution[edit]
Convert Minutes To Hours
Annual sunshine hours map of the world. Note that the data for Antarctica is accurate only for the coast. Parts of the interior receive more than 3600 hours of annual sunshine.[4] < 1200 h 1600–2000 h | 2400–3000 h 3600–4000 h |
Sunshine duration follows a general geographic pattern: subtropical latitudes (about 25° to 40° north/south) have the highest sunshine values, because these are the locations of the eastern sides of the subtropical high pressure systems, associated with the large-scale descent of air from the upper-level tropopause. Many of the world's driest climates are found adjacent to the eastern sides of the subtropical highs, which create stable atmospheric conditions, little convective overturning, and little moisture and cloud cover. Desert regions, with nearly constant high pressure aloft and rare condensation—like North Africa, the Southwestern United States, Western Australia, and the Middle East—are examples of hot, sunny, dry climates where sunshine duration values are very high.
The two major areas with the highest sunshine duration, measured as annual average, are the central and the eastern Sahara Desert—covering vast, mainly desert countries such as Egypt, Sudan, Libya, Chad, and Niger—and the Southwestern United States (Arizona, California, Nevada).[5] The city claiming the official title of the sunniest in the world is Yuma, Arizona, with over 4,000 hours (about 91% of daylight time) of bright sunshine annually,[5][6] but many climatological books suggest there may be sunnier areas in North Africa.[citation needed] In the belt encompassing northern Chad and the Tibesti Mountains, northern Sudan, southern Libya, and Upper Egypt, annual sunshine duration is estimated at over 4,000 hours. There is also a smaller, isolated area of sunshine maximum in the heart of the western section of the Sahara Desert around the Eglab Massif and the Erg Chech, along the borders of Algeria, Mauritania, and Mali where the 4,000-hour mark is exceeded, too.[7] Some places in the interior of the Arabian Peninsula receive 3,600–3,800 hours of bright sunshine annually. The largest sun-baked region in the world (over 3,000 hours of yearly sunshine) is North Africa. The sunniest month in the world is December in Eastern Antarctica, with almost 23 hours of bright sun daily.[8]
Conversely, higher latitudes (above 50° north/south) lying in stormy westerlies have much cloudier and more unstable and rainy weather, and often have the lowest values of sunshine duration annually. Temperate oceanic climates like those in northwestern Europe, the northwestern coast of Canada, and areas of New Zealand's South Island are examples of cool, cloudy, wet, humid climates where cloudless sunshine duration values are very low. The areas with the lowest sunshine duration annually lie mostly over the polar oceans, as well as parts of northern Europe, southern Alaska, northern Russia, and areas near the Sea of Okhotsk. The cloudiest place in the United States is Cold Bay, Alaska, with an average of 304 days of heavy overcast (covering over 3/4 of the sky).[9] In addition to these polar oceanic climates, certain low-latitude basins enclosed by mountains, like the Sichuan and Taipei Basins, can have sunshine duration as low as 1,000 hours per year, as cool air consistently sinks to form fogs that winds cannot dissipate.[10]Tórshavn in the Faroe Islands is among the cloudiest places in the world with yearly only 840 sunshine hours.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ abcd'8. Measurement of Sunshine Duration'(PDF), Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation, WMO, 2008, archived from the original(PDF) on 2013-02-03
- ^Gerhard Holtkamp, The Sunniest and Darkest Places on Earth, Scilogs, archived from the original on 2009-10-27
- ^Definitions for other daily elements, Australian Bureau of Meteorology
- ^https://www.climatestotravel.com/climate/antarctica#optical_phenomena
- ^ abSunniest places in the world, Current Results.com
- ^Ranking of cities based on % annual possible sunshine, NOAA, 2004
- ^Godard, Alain; Tabeaud, Martine (2009), Les climats: Mécanismes, variabilité et répartition (in French), Armand Colin, ISBN9782200246044
- ^Antarctic climatic data, archived from the original on 2008-05-07
- ^Cloudiest places in the United States, Current Results.com
- ^Domrös, Manfred; Peng, Gongbing, The Climate of China, pp. 75–78, ISBN9783540187684
How Long Is 2010 Minutes
External links[edit]
- Sunshine duration world map (June snapshot)
- Sunshine duration world map (Yearly average)
4000 Hours In Minutes Whatsapp Group
